Predict an object of class modeler

Generate model predictions from an object of class modeler. This function allows for flexible prediction types, including point predictions, area under the curve (AUC), first or second order derivatives, and functions of the parameters.

Usage

# S3 method for class 'modeler'
predict(
  object,
  x = NULL,
  id = NULL,
  type = c("point", "auc", "fd", "sd"),
  se_interval = c("confidence", "prediction"),
  n_points = 1000,
  formula = NULL,
  metadata = FALSE,
  parallel = FALSE,
  workers = NULL,
  ...
)

Arguments

object

An object of class modeler, typically the result of calling the modeler() function.

x

A numeric value or vector specifying the points at which predictions are made. For type = "auc", x must be a vector of length 2 that specifies the interval over which to calculate the AUC.

id

Optional unique identifier to filter predictions by a specific group. Default is NULL.

type

A character string specifying the type of prediction. Default is "point".

"point"

Predicts the value of y for the given x.

"auc"

Calculates the area under the curve (AUC) for the fitted model over the interval specified by x.

"fd"

Returns the first derivative (rate of change) of the model at the given x value(s).

"sd"

Returns the second derivative of the model at the given x value(s).

se_interval

A character string specifying the type of interval for standard error calculation. Options are "confidence" (default) or "prediction". Only works with "point" estimation.

n_points

An integer specifying the number of points used to approximate the area under the curve (AUC) when type = "auc". Default is 1000.

formula

A formula specifying a function of the parameters to be estimated (e.g., ~ b * 500). Default is NULL.

metadata

Logical. If TRUE, metadata is included with the predictions. Default is FALSE.

parallel

Logical. If TRUE the prediction is performed in parallel. Default is FALSE. Use only when a large number of groups are being analyzed and x is a grid of values.

workers

The number of parallel processes to use. parallel::detectCores()

...

Additional parameters for future functionality.

Value

A data.frame containing the predicted values, their associated standard errors, and optionally the metadata.

Author

Johan Aparicio [aut]

Examples

library(flexFitR)
data(dt_potato)
mod_1 <- dt_potato |>
  modeler(
    x = DAP,
    y = Canopy,
    grp = Plot,
    fn = "fn_lin_plat",
    parameters = c(t1 = 45, t2 = 80, k = 0.9),
    subset = c(15, 2, 45)
  )
print(mod_1)
#> 
#> Call:
#> Canopy ~ fn_lin_plat(DAP, t1, t2, k) 
#> 
#> Residuals (`Standardized`):
#>    Min. 1st Qu.  Median    Mean 3rd Qu.    Max. 
#> -1.7789  0.0000  0.0000  0.1350  0.1334  2.2361 
#> 
#> Optimization Results `head()`:
#>  uid   t1   t2     k    sse
#>    2 35.1 61.1 100.0 5.7008
#>   15 38.4 70.1  99.7 0.9157
#>   45 38.3 64.7 100.0 0.0026
#> 
#> Metrics:
#>  Groups      Timing Convergence  Iterations
#>       3 2.2494 secs        100% 407.67 (id)
#> 
# Point Prediction
predict(mod_1, x = 45, type = "point", id = 2)
#> # A tibble: 1 × 5
#>     uid fn_name     x_new predicted.value std.error
#>   <dbl> <chr>       <dbl>           <dbl>     <dbl>
#> 1     2 fn_lin_plat    45            38.0     0.618
# AUC Prediction
predict(mod_1, x = c(0, 108), type = "auc", id = 2)
#> # A tibble: 1 × 6
#>     uid fn_name     x_min x_max predicted.value std.error
#>   <dbl> <chr>       <dbl> <dbl>           <dbl>     <dbl>
#> 1     2 fn_lin_plat     0   108           5990.      33.7
# First Derivative
predict(mod_1, x = 45, type = "fd", id = 2)
#> # A tibble: 1 × 5
#>     uid fn_name     x_new predicted.value std.error
#>   <dbl> <chr>       <dbl>           <dbl>     <dbl>
#> 1     2 fn_lin_plat    45            3.85    0.0738
# Second Derivative
predict(mod_1, x = 45, type = "sd", id = 2)
#> # A tibble: 1 × 5
#>     uid fn_name     x_new predicted.value std.error
#>   <dbl> <chr>       <dbl>           <dbl>     <dbl>
#> 1     2 fn_lin_plat    45    0.0000000324 0.0000239
# Function of the parameters
predict(mod_1, formula = ~ t2 - t1, id = 2)
#> # A tibble: 1 × 5
#>     uid fn_name     formula predicted.value std.error
#>   <dbl> <chr>       <chr>             <dbl>     <dbl>
#> 1     2 fn_lin_plat t2 - t1            26.0     0.522